MZ CŘ
MZ CŘ
Individual projects of the Ministry of helth are provided of the Agency for Health Reaserch of the Czech Republic (AZV ČR), which provides targeted support in accordance with the National Policy of Research, Experimental development and Innovation of the Czech Republic.
Identification of changes in glutamatergic pathways specific for sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease in human neurons and astrocytes induced from patient's cells
Basic information: Suitable procedures for studying early pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are currently being sought. The main aim of the project is to create a model of cell cultures suitable for monitoring changes in the biology of nerve cells (neurons and astrocytes) in patients with AD. Using the induced pluripotent cell method (iPSC), the role of nerve cells in the formation of sporadic form of AD will be studied. IPSCs are the ideal model, because they can be derived from any individual; they are genetically identical to the donor; and they have the capacity to form any cell type. Differentiation of fibroblast-derived human iPSCs into mature nerve cells affects the expression of ion channels and receptors that could play a crucial role in the formation of AD. The main aim of the project is to identify changes in glutamatergic pathways in human astrocytes induced from cells of patients with sporadic AD. Our results will help reveal the mechanisms responsible for astrocytic impairment in AD patients, and suggest an effective strategy for its treatment and prevention.
Registrtion No: NU20-09-00437
Project duration: 1. 5. 2020 – 31. 12. 2023
Principal Investigator: doc. RNDr. Alexandr Chvátal, DrSc., MBA Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University
Other solver: MUDr. Jiří Hudeček University Hospital Pilsen
Other solver: doc. Mgr. Jan Lochman, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
Basic information: Tooth ankyloses are pathological conditions in human, which arise by direct fusion of the tooth with surrounding tissues as a result of trauma or inflammation around teeth. Failure of interaction between these tissues lead to the disruption of tooth function as an organ and the resorption of alveolar bone. This state is followed by loss of teeth and by the initiation of conditions inappropriate for following teeth reconstruction. Aim of the project is to uncover cellular and molecular processes contributing to morphological and functional changes during tooth ankyloses initiation in human. Project will use new methodical approaches such as LIBS, micro CT examination or gene expression analyses of osteogenic factors in periodontal area with aim to expand our understanding about causes of teeth ankyloses commencement as well as possibilities of new approaches for their prevention during teeth traumas.
Registrtion No: NU20-06-00189
Project duration: 1. 5. 2020 – 31. 12. 2023
Principal Investigator: doc. RNDr. Marcela Buchtová, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
Other solver: MUDr. et MUDr. Jan Štembírek, Ph.D. University Hospital Ostrava
Other solver: Prof. MUDr. Lydie Izakovičová Hollá, Ph.D. St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno
Basic information: Infections affecting the root canal of the tooth are the most common cause of apical periodontitis (AP). Chronic inflammation in the periodontium may lead to the development of a radicular cyst (RC), a type of inflammatory odontogenic cyst (OC). OC of developmental origin also includes dentigerous cysts (DC) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKC). Correct classification of OCs reflecting their etiopathogenesis including genetic factors is crucial for choosing an optimum therapy and patient management. The aim of the project is to identify risk factors of OC development and improve their diagnosis. The project includes study of microbiome present in the root canal, genetic association studies focused on patients´immune profiling and influence of genes envolved in odontogenesis, comparative studies of gene expression profiles in various types of odontogenic cysts, and study of selected molecular pathways in OC pathogenesis in an animal model. Based on the obtained results we will propose a panel of markers for prediction of OC development and differential diagnosis of OC types.
Registrtion No: NU20-08-00205
Project duration: 1. 5. 2020 – 31. 12. 2023
Principal Investigator: doc. RNDr. Petra Bořilová Linhartová, Ph.D., MBA Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine
Other solver: MUDr. et MUDr. Zdeněk Daněk, Ph.D. University Hospital Brno
Other solver: doc. RNDr. Marcela Buchtová, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
Prognostic and predictive markers of squamous cell carcinoma invasion in the oral cavity and oropharynx
Basic information: Carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx belong among the ten most common malignancies in human population. In this project, we will focus on the most common squamous cell carcinoma. The prognosis of these malignancies is determined by the degree of invasiveness of the primary tumor and by the extent of metastatic spread into regional and distant lymph nodes. The intensity of perineural invasion correlates with tumor localization, its extent, and the presence of nodal metastases. In our project, we will focus on the detection of clinically relevant somatic mutations in patients with perineural invasion and the evaluation of early molecular markers during perineural invasion, which are expressed on the interface between tumor and surrounding tissues. Moreover, we will analyze role of primary cilia and Sonic hedgehog pathway in tumorous cells and the effect of altered SHH signaling on perineural invasion. Our aim is to introduce new protocols into routine histopathological diagnostics aiming to predict future cell behavior, which will improve planning and management of the subsequent therapies in patients.
Registrtion No: NU19-08-00383
Project duration: 1. 5. 2019 – 31. 12. 2022
Principal Investigator: doc. RNDr. Marcela Buchtová, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
Other solver: MUDr. et MUDr. Jan Štembírek, Ph.D. University Hospital Ostrava
New minimally invasive techniques for treatment of postoperative Crohn’s disease recurrence on experimental model
Basic information: Most of the patients operated for Crohn's disease develop recurrence in ileocolic anastomosis. Medical treatment is usually ineffective in these cases and patients require re-operation. New endoscopic techniques could delay or completely avoid the need for re-resection and thereby can improve patients’ quality of life and reduce the costs. Expected outcome of the project is the experimental evaluation of new minimally invasive treatment techniques of Crohn's disease recurrence including the design of therapeutic algorithm. A unique model of anastomotic stricture will be developed during this project and will be available for other studies. This project supports optimization of treatment based on models, use of new minimally invasive techniques with the aim to reduce potential complications and promote multidisciplinary cooperation of surgeons and gastroenterologists.
Registrtion No: NU19-08-00449
Project duration: 1. 5. 2019 – 31. 12. 2022
Principal Investigator: MUDr. Ondřej Ryska, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
Other solver: MUDr. Jaroslav Kalvach Military University Hospital Prague
The interplay between the gut microbiota and brain functions: implication for metabolome and metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia
Basic information: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious mental disease with high morbidity. The modern antipsychotics are effective in its therapy, but they may induce obesity and metabolic syndrome. Alteration in metabolism, changes in gut microbiota, gut barrier failure and low-grade chronic inflammation are all involved in pathogenesis of both SCZ and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, by analysis of microbiome, metabolome, gut barrier function and inflammatory response, new biomarkers for prediction of this serious therapy side-effect may be found. Moreover, by analyzing the key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of both conditions, this approach may even uncover suitable target for future therapy of SCZ or metabolic syndrome. We will use samples of blood, stool or urine, collected from patients with SCZ at the beginning of the antipsychotic treatment and after several months, when the presence or absence of the metabolic syndrome will be clearly apparent. Few animal experiments will be performed to identify the best possible targets before these will be used in full-scale investigation on humans.
Registrtion No: 17-31852A
Project duration: 1. 4. 2017 – 31. 12. 2021, extended to 30. 6. 2022
Principal investigator: MUDr. Tomáš Páleníček, Ph.D. National institute of mental health
Other solver: RNDr. Kateřina Olša Fliegerová, CSc. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
New minimally invasive techniques for treatment of postoperative Crohn’s disease recurrence on experimental model
Basic information: Most of the patients operated for Crohn's disease develop recurrence in ileocolic anastomosis. Medical treatment is usually ineffective in these cases and patients require re-operation. New endoscopic techniques could delay or completely avoid the need for re-resection and thereby can improve patients’ quality of life and reduce the costs. Expected outcome of the project is the experimental evaluation of new minimally invasive treatment techniques of Crohn's disease recurrence including the design of therapeutic algorithm. A unique model of anastomotic stricture will be developed during this project and will be available for other studies. This project supports optimization of treatment based on models, use of new minimally invasive techniques with the aim to reduce potential complications and promote multidisciplinary cooperation of surgeons and gastroenterologists.
Registrtion No: NU18-04-00455
Project duration: 1. 5. 2018 – 31. 12. 2021
Principal Investigator: prof. RNDr. Omar Šerý, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
Other solver: prof.doc.MUDr. Jakub Hort, Ph.D. St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno
Basic information: Ontogenesis and tumorigenesis often share regulatory molecules that modulate key cellular events including cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. The c-Myb protein has been associated with control of these processes. Aberrant activation of c-Myb disturbs the balance in favor of proliferation and survival, thus contributing to malignant transformation. Our earlier research showed that c-Myb is involved in regulation of embryonal bone development. Recent findings, including preliminary data presented by us, demonstrate that c-Myb is expressed in osteosarcomas, bone tumors with specific age-related incidence. The aim of this study is to clarify the function of c-Myb in different stages of physiological bone development, and most importantly, the relevance of c-Myb in control of osteosarcoma progression and chemoresistance using cell lines, in vivo models and a clinical study. The clinical part will be further extended to other osteogenic pathologies with high incidence in childhood to further assess the importance of c-Myb in bone homeostasis in humans.
Registrtion No: NU18-07-00073
Project duration: 1. 5. 2018 – 31. 12. 2021
Principal Investigator: doc. Mgr. Petr Beneš, Ph.D. Masaryk University / Faculty of Science
Other solver: MUDr. Peter Múdry, Ph.D. University Hospital Brno
Other solver: MUDr. Dagmar Adámková Krákorová, Ph.D. Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute
Other solver: prof. RNDr. Eva Matalová, Ph.D. Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics CAS, v. v. i.
